Design, Implementation and Performance Analysis of Dual-Constellation Vector Receiver Using Combinations of GPS L1 and BDS B1C Signals

As applications of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) continue to proliferate, the operational environment has become increasingly complex. This complexity is marked by challenges such as signal blockage, attenuation, multipath effects, non-line-of-sight transmission, and electromagnetic interference, all of which can degrade the visibility of satellite signals in GNSS receivers. The integration of multi-constellation satellite signals can partially mitigate the issue of insufficient visible satellite signals in such challenging environments, compared to single-constellation systems. Unlike traditional scalar receiver structures, vector receivers that incorporate coupling between tracking channels can significantly enhance navigation performance in these complex settings. In this study, we designed a dual-constellation vector receiver based on Global Positioning System (GPS) L1 and Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) B1C signals and developed the corresponding software receiver. Field data analysis in complex environments confirmed the performance advantages of the designed dualconstellation vector receiver.