Research Progress on Precision Tool Alignment Technology in Machining

In the field of numerical control machining, tool alignment technology is a key link to ensure machining accuracy and quality. Tool alignment refers to determining the correct position of the tool relative to the workpiece, and its accuracy directly affects the precision of part machining. With the development of precision machining technology, the research and application of cutting technology are increasingly valued. Tool alignment methods are mainly divided into two categories: contact and non-contact. The contact type tool alignment method relies on direct contact between the tool and the workpiece or tool alignment instrument to measure the position. Among them, the trial cutting method is a traditional contact type tool alignment method that determines the tool position through actual cutting, which is intuitive but inefficient. The contact type tool presetter uses specialized equipment to improve the accuracy and efficiency of tool presetting through contact measurement. The non-contact tool alignment method does not rely on physical contact, while the image method uses image recognition technology to determine the tool position, making it suitable for high-precision applications. The laser diffraction method and the laser direct method use laser technology for non-contact measurement. The laser diffraction method determines the position of the tool by analyzing the diffraction mode of the laser beam, while the laser direct method directly measures the distance between the laser and the tool. This article mainly introduces the classification of tool alignment, commonly used knife alignment methods and common tool alignment devices, as well as the development status of international tool alignment instrument products.