Platelet-Rich Plasma Purification by Dielectrophoresis and Fluid-Induced Shear Force

Background: Platelets contain cytokines and growth factors, which promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. Platelet concentrates, known as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), are used for tissue repair and regeneration in clinical settings. PRP is conventionally prepared by the centrifugation of blood; therefore, blood cells such as erythrocytes and leukocytes cannot be fully eliminated. The purpose of this study was to establish high purification of platelets using dielectrophoresis (DEP) to eliminate blood cells from platelet concentrates. Materials and Methods: The DEP properties of human blood constituents (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) were characterized. Based on the characterization of DEP properties, PRP was purified to eliminate blood cells using dielectrophoretic and flow-induced shear forces. Results: Erythrocytes and platelets showed similar DEP responses, whereas the crossover frequency of leukocytes differed from those of erythrocytes and platelets. Blood cells can be eliminated from the PRP under specific DEP conditions and flow rates. Conclusion: Blood cells in PRP can be eliminated using DEP and flow-induced shear, with a high platelet recovery rate.