Optimal Peer-to-Peer Energy Transaction of Distributed Prosumers in High-Penetrated Renewable Distribution Systems

Emerging prosumers are driving changes in the way traditional distribution systems operate. With the increase in the penetration of renewable energy, the energy management of prosumers has created new challenges. This paper proposes a novel peer-to-peer (P2P) transaction strategy for coupling distributed energy resources (DERs) and electric vehicles (EVs) to achieve optimal energy transaction in high-penetration distribution systems. Firstly, the model of a prosumer aggregate is established. Secondly, the economic models of prosumers and P2P transaction are constructed. Prosumers can evaluate the response benefits of internal distributed generation (DG), energy storage systems (ESSs), flexible load, EVs, and external P2P benefits and propose a joint response mechanism with mutual benefit priority to solve the problem of joint optimization. In addition, to ensure compliance with network constraints, a P2P transaction negotiation algorithm considering network charges is proposed. This algorithm guides prosumers to reach a transaction by modifying the transaction price, enabling fast negotiation without intermediaries. Finally, the proposed method is validated on an IEEE 33-bus test system, demonstrating its ability to reduce internal energy imbalances and improve economic benefits for prosumers.