Transition metal catalyzed synthesis and functionalization of phenothiazines

Phenothiazine derivatives have attracted the significant attention in material science in recent years. They are also serving as active components in various classes of drugs such as antitubercular, anticancer, antimalarial, anti-HIV and antioxidant agents. In this context, the advancement of phenothiazine functionalization protocols is a prospering realm with a momentous influence on synthetic organic chemistry. In a mission for environment friendly and sustainable chemical procedures, scientists are continually working on articulate approaches for synthesis of organic molecules. This article reviews advancements in transition metal-catalyzed reactions involving construction and functionalization of phenothiazines according to the type of metal catalyst. To offer a thorough guide to the reader, an exhaustive discussion concerning the reaction mechanism of each transformation is given. Lastly, a summary of the future viewpoint and existing challenges towards the progress of efficient metal catalyzed approaches for construction and functionalization of these valuable heterocycles is also described.