In article number 2202382, Shili Gai, Piaoping Yang, and co-workers review the inorganic persistent phosphors that are of interest for the dopant and host selection criteria, the afterglow intensity and multi-color modulating methods, from the perspectives of composition optimization, defect dynamics and coordination environment of hosts. Persistent luminescence imaging and multimodal imaging of persistent phosphors are introduced. This review will be a guideline for the design, synthesis and optical performance optimization of persistent materials in the future.