Can the shock wave generated by the thermal runaway of a lithium-metal all-solid-state cell be predicted by material-scale analysis

It is widely believed that all-solid-state batteries would be safer than traditional Li-ion ones. This study develops a thermal runaway model for lithium-metal all-solid-state cells. First, material-scale analysis were carried out to determine model parameters. Then, they were used to simulate the thermal runaway in a closed calorimeter. The initiation temperature, the energy released by the thermal runaway and its duration are consistent with the experimental data. Additionally, the model simulates the overpressure produced by this thermally abused cell in an open system and showing strong correlation with experimental data. After validation, the model was used to predict the thermal runaway of an anode-less lithium-metal all-solid-state battery. Even with the minimum quantity of lithium, the thermal runaway, while reduced, remained significant. Moreover, this work highlights the impact of the oxygen released, its strong reaction with the lithium during TR and the subsequent blast wave overpressure caused by the generated gases.