Apigenin@ZIF-8 with pH-responsive sustained release function added to propolis-gelatin films achieved an outstanding antibacterial effect

Packaging films containing antibacterial substances play a crucial role in controlling contamination caused by food-borne pathogens. Herein, apigenin (APG) was encapsulated in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks 8 (ZIF-8) to achieve a synergistic antibacterial effect and prolonged drug release, aiming to extend the shelf life of food products. Under acidic condition, the release rate of APG reached 73.70 % after 12 h. Subsequently, propolis-gelatin (PG) films were prepared for food packaging. The addition of APG@ZIF-8 enhanced the hydrophobicity of PG films, making them more suitable for food packaging. However, the composite film exhibited reduced damage resistance and flexibility. The composite films demonstrated 100 % inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli under appropriate amount of APG@ZIF-8. The composite film coating significantly reduced the bacteria count on apple surfaces by 99.95% during storage, while maintaining their appearance. This study provides an effective way to develop novel antibacterial composite films.