化学
卤化物
电解质
阳极
催化作用
电化学
无机化学
阴极
硫黄
化学工程
电极
有机化学
物理化学
工程类
作者
Miao Chen,Tianli Wu,Dan Zhou,Zhubing Xiao
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jcat.2021.10.038
摘要
Abstract The simultaneous engineering of sulfur cathode and Li anode is critical for electrolyte-starved high-energy-density Li-S batteries. Herein, we challenge the conventional wisdom of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalyses in Li-S batteries, the concept of anti-heterogeneous catalysis is proposed to synchronously realize effective LiPS trapping/conversion and protection of Li anode through employing a small amount of non-nucleophilic electrolyte additive of an amidomagnesium halide, hexamethyldisilazide magnesium chloride (HMC). Regulated by the amidomagnesium halide chemistry, over 1000 hours of cycling is realized in Li/Li symmetric cells, revealing superb compatibility of the HMC-incorporated electrolyte with lithium metal. Meanwhile, via elevating the dissociation free-energy barrier of Li+ in LiPS, the liquid HMC catalysts significantly decrease the solubility of lithium ploysulfides and promote the multistep conversion of sulfur electrochemistry, which enable a quasi-solid-state reaction and minimal shuttle effect. Practically, a high energy density of 423 Wh kg-1 with decent cycling stability is achieved in electrolyte-starved pouch cells.
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