Vascular aging and cardiovascular diseases

Vascular aging is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as hypertension, coronary artery disease and aortic dissection. The senescence of vascular endothelial cell (EC) and smooth muscle cell (SMC) is the basis of vascular aging. Here, we discussed the morphological characteristics, molecular markers and the mechanisms of senescent EC and SMC, reviewed the advances in single-cell sequencing, senolytics and genetics in vascular cellular senescence and cardiovascular diseases in aging. Finally, the possibilities of delaying senescence, promoting vascular health and reducing age-related diseases by senolytics, drugs, exercise and nutrition were discussed.