化学
谷胱甘肽
甲草胺
阿特拉津
乙草胺
杀虫剂
反应性(心理学)
农药
有机磷
酶
化合物
生物化学
有机化学
毒性
生物
替代医学
病理
农业
医学
生态学
农学
作者
Eric D. Clarke,Daren T Greenhow,David J. Adams
出处
期刊:Pesticide Science
[Wiley]
日期:1998-12-01
卷期号:54 (4): 385-393
被引量:36
标识
DOI:10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199812)54:4<385::aid-ps842>3.0.co;2-c
摘要
An HPLC-based assay system has been developed to measure the reactivity of agrochemicals with glutathione (GSH) with and without catalysis by glutathione transferases (GSTs). Metabolism-related parameters based on second-order related rate constants from non-enzymatic GSH and enzymatic GSH+GST assays have been derived for use in structure–activity and structure–reactivity relationship studies of exploratory agrochemicals. The versatility and sensitivity of the assay system has been established using a diverse range of agrochemicals and model compounds, e.g. 4-nitrobenzyl chloride, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, atrazine, acetochlor, fluorodifen, fluazifop-butyl, tridiphane, fluazinam, chlorothalonil and diazinon. For the enzymatic GSH+GST assay, second-order related rate constants, ratioed to the assay standard, 4-nitrobenzyl chloride to provide a parameter independent of assay conditions, spanned five orders of magnitude, fluazinam being the most reactive and atrazine the least. Within chemical classes significant variations in reactivity were observed, alachlor being c.15-fold more reactive than pretilachlor. Applications of this assay system based on comparative measures of reactivity across and within chemical classes are discussed. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry
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