Ion storage and energy recovery of a flow-electrode capacitive deionization process

The ion storage and extraction (or the ion charge and discharge) of a continuous capacitive deionization system were investigated using novel flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI). The flow-electrode, charged by constant voltage, generated about 20% of the supplied energy in an FCDI cell during constant current discharge with NaCl solution (concentration: 35.0 g L−1).