Resonant tunneling through double barriers, perpendicular quantum transport phenomena in superlattices, and their device applications

量子隧道 凝聚态物理 超晶格 物理 有效质量(弹簧-质量系统) 散射 共振(粒子物理) 量子阱 共振隧穿二极管 激光器 原子物理学 光学 量子力学
作者
Federico Capasso,K. Mohammed,Ann Cho
出处
期刊:IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics [IEEE Photonics Society]
卷期号:22 (9): 1853-1869 被引量:685
标识
DOI:10.1109/jqe.1986.1073171
摘要

New results on the physics of tunneling in quantum well heterostructures and its device applications are discussed. Following a general review of the field in the Introduction, in the second section resonant tunneling through double barriers is investigated. Recent conflicting interpretations of this effect in terms of a Fabry-Perot mechanism or sequential tunneling are reconciled via an analysis of scattering. It is shown that the ratio of the intrinsic resonance width to the total scattering width (collision broadening) determines which of the two mechanisms controls resonant tunneling. The role of symmetry is quantitatively analyzed and two recently proposed resonant tunneling transistor structures are discussed. The third section deals with perpendicular transport in superlattices. A simple expression for the low field mobility in the miniband conduction regime is derived; localization effects, hopping conduction, and effective mass filtering are discussed. In the following section, experimental results on tunneling superlattice photoconductors based on effective mass filtering are presented. In the fifth section, negative differential resistance resulting from localization in a high electric field is discussed. In the last section, the observation of sequential resonant tunneling in superlattices is reported. We point out a remarkable analogy between this phenomenon and paramagnetic spin resonance. New tunable infrared semiconductor lasers and wavelength selective detectors based on this effect are discussed.
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