化学
催化作用
氟
烷基
酰胺
卤化物
对映选择合成
组合化学
镍
质子化
选择性
转移加氢
小学(天文学)
功能群
有机化学
离子
物理
聚合物
天文
钌
作者
Fan Chen,Qianwei Zhang,Yingying Li,Zhi‐Xiang Yu,Lingling Chu
摘要
Due to the unique effect of fluorine atoms, the efficient construction of high-value alkyl fluorides has attracted significant interest in modern drug development. However, enantioselective catalytic strategies for the efficient assembly of highly functionalized chiral C(sp3)-F scaffolds from simple starting materials have been underutilized. Herein, we demonstrate a nickel-catalyzed radical transfer strategy for the efficient, modular, asymmetric hydrogenation and hydroalkylation of alkenyl fluorides with primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl halides under mild conditions. The transformation provides facile access to various structurally complex secondary and tertiary α-fluoro amide products from readily available starting materials with excellent substrate compatibility and distinct selectivity. Furthermore, the utility of this method is demonstrated by late-stage modifications and product derivatizations. Detailed mechanistic studies and DFT calculations have been conducted, showing that the rate-determining step for asymmetric hydrogenation reaction is NiH-HAT toward alkenyl fluorides and the stereo-determining step is alcohol coordination to Ni-enolates followed by a barrierless protonation. The mechanism for the asymmetric hydroalkylation reaction is also delivered in this investigation.
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