Empirical Model for Predicting Elastic Modulus of CRCA Concrete: An Approach towards Sustainable Concrete Design

The elastic modulus (E c ) of concrete is usually calculated from the compressive strength (f c ) in the design of concrete structures using standard models found in the various design codes. Most of these models were fundamentally developed for concrete made with natural coarse aggregate (NCA). Concrete containing coarse recycled concrete aggregate (CRCA) is known to have inferior mechanical properties to concrete made with NCA. Accordingly, the E c -f c relationship of CRCA concrete differs from that of NCA concrete. Hence, a number of researchers have endeavoured to develop predictive models for concrete made with CRCAs using different software programs. In an attempt to contribute to this subject, the present study seeks to propose a new model for predicting the E c of CRCA concrete using an empirical approach. Data obtained from the literature was used to develop the model. Validations of the model using independent data sources gave realistic predictions. The new model can be used for practical E c prediction, design, and analysis of sustainable concrete structures made with CRCAs.