Applications and prospects of cryo-EM in drug discovery

药物发现 工作流程 药物开发 生物制药 低温电子显微 计算机科学 计算生物学 纳米技术 制药工业 药品 数据科学 医学 生物信息学 生物 生物技术 药理学 数据库 材料科学 生物化学
作者
Kongfu Zhu,Chao Yuan,Yang Du,Kailei Sun,Xiaokang Zhang,Horst Vogel,Xudong Jia,Yuanzhu Gao,Qinfen Zhang,Daping Wang,Huawei Zhang
出处
期刊:Military Medical Research [Springer Nature]
卷期号:10 (1) 被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1186/s40779-023-00446-y
摘要

Drug discovery is a crucial part of human healthcare and has dramatically benefited human lifespan and life quality in recent centuries, however, it is usually time- and effort-consuming. Structural biology has been demonstrated as a powerful tool to accelerate drug development. Among different techniques, cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is emerging as the mainstream of structure determination of biomacromolecules in the past decade and has received increasing attention from the pharmaceutical industry. Although cryo-EM still has limitations in resolution, speed and throughput, a growing number of innovative drugs are being developed with the help of cryo-EM. Here, we aim to provide an overview of how cryo-EM techniques are applied to facilitate drug discovery. The development and typical workflow of cryo-EM technique will be briefly introduced, followed by its specific applications in structure-based drug design, fragment-based drug discovery, proteolysis targeting chimeras, antibody drug development and drug repurposing. Besides cryo-EM, drug discovery innovation usually involves other state-of-the-art techniques such as artificial intelligence (AI), which is increasingly active in diverse areas. The combination of cryo-EM and AI provides an opportunity to minimize limitations of cryo-EM such as automation, throughput and interpretation of medium-resolution maps, and tends to be the new direction of future development of cryo-EM. The rapid development of cryo-EM will make it as an indispensable part of modern drug discovery.
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