Joint Inversion of Geophysical Data for Geologic Carbon Sequestration Monitoring: A Differentiable Physics‐Informed Neural Network Model

Abstract Geophysical monitoring of geologic carbon sequestration is critical for risk assessment during and after carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) injection. Integration of multiple geophysical measurements is a promising approach to achieve high‐resolution reservoir monitoring. However, joint inversion of large geophysical data is challenging due to high computational costs and difficulties in effectively incorporating measurements from different sources and with different resolutions. This study develops a differentiable physics model for large‐scale joint inverse problems with reparameterization of model variables by neural networks and implementation of a differentiable programming approach of the forward model. The proposed physics‐informed neural network model is completely differentiable and thus enables end‐to‐end training with automatic differentiation for multi‐objective optimization by multiphysics data assimilation. The application to the Sleipner benchmark model demonstrates that the proposed method is effective in estimation of reservoir properties from seismic and resistivity data and shows promising results for CO 2 storage monitoring. Moreover, the global parameters that are assumed to be uncertain in the rock‐physics model are accurately quantified by integration of a Bayesian neural network.