The Characteristics and Enrichment Process of Dabu Ion-Adsorption Heavy Rare-Earth Element (HREE) Deposits in Jiangxi Province, South China

风化作用 地球化学 稀土元素 地质学 分馏 沉积岩 风化土 粘土矿物 矿物学 环境化学 稀土 化学 天体生物学 物理 有机化学
作者
Mingjun Xie,Jian Zhou,Xuemiao Du,Xueqiu Wang,Bimin Zhang,Hui Wu,Qinghai Hu,Wei Wang,Mi Tian,Binfeng Chen,Huohua Mo,Lijun Wang
出处
期刊:Minerals [Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]
卷期号:14 (9): 857-857
标识
DOI:10.3390/min14090857
摘要

Ion-adsorption rare-earth deposits supply over 90% of the global market’s heavy rare-earth elements (HREEs). The genesis of these deposits, particularly HREE deposits, has garnered significant attention. To elucidate the metallogenic mechanisms of HREE deposits, a comprehensive study of the weathering profile of granite was conducted in Jiangxi Province, South China. This study focuses on the following two aspects: the petrogeochemistry of HREE-rich granite and the enrichment and fractionation of rare-earth elements (REEs) during the weathering process. The results suggest that the Dabu granites are a typical peraluminous, high-K, calc-alkaline granite series with high silica content (SiO2: 74.5%–76.4%), relatively low phosphorus content (P2O5: <0.05%), and high HREE content (ΣLREE/ΣHREE: 0.16–0.66). Weathering advances the decomposition of minerals and the release of elements. REEs are mainly fixed in the regolith by scavengers, mainly clays, Fe–Mn oxides, and carbonates, and ΣREE can reach 799 ppm in the B horizon. However, HREEs tend to migrate further and preferentially combine with Fe–Mn oxides and carbonates as compared to LREEs, leading to a significant fractionation of REEs in the regolith (ΣLREE/ΣHREE = 0.2–1.1). Additionally, the differential weathering of REE-bearing minerals and the precipitation of secondary REE-bearing minerals are also vital for REE fractionation.

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