Integrated transcriptomics, metabolomics and physiological analyses reveal differential response mechanisms of wheat to cadmium and/or salinity stress

化学 生物化学 盐度 脯氨酸 苯丙素 食品科学 转录组 蔗糖 代谢组学 生物合成 生物 氨基酸 基因表达 基因 生态学 有机化学 色谱法
作者
Zonghao Yue,Yongchuang Liu,Limin Zheng,Qiaoyang Zhang,Yifan Wang,Yuwen Hao,Mengke Zhang,Yanjuan Chen,Zheng Bing Wang,Le He,Keshi Ma
出处
期刊:Frontiers in Plant Science [Frontiers Media SA]
卷期号:15
标识
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2024.1378226
摘要

Many soils face dual challenges of cadmium (Cd) contamination and salinization. However, the response of crops, especially wheat, to combined Cd and salinity stress is not understood. Here, wheat was grown in a hydroponic model for 14 days under single and combined Cd and NaCl stresses. Growth parameters, tissue Cd 2+ and Na + contents, and leaf chlorophyll (Chl), O2 •− , and MDA levels were determined. Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of the leaves were performed. The results showed that combined stress had a greater inhibitory effect on Chl contents and generated more O2 •− and MDA, resulting in more severe wheat growth retardation than those under Cd or NaCl stress. Stress-induced decrease in Chl levels may be attributed to the inhibition of Chl biosynthesis, activation of Chl degradation, or a decline in glutamate content. Cd addition weakened the promotional effect of NaCl on SOS1 gene expression, thereby increasing the Na + content. Contrastingly, NaCl supplementation downregulated the Nramp and ZIP gene expressions related to Cd uptake and transport, thereby impeding Cd 2+ accumulation. All stresses enhanced tryptophan content via promoting tryptophan biosynthesis. Meanwhile, Cd and NaCl stresses activated phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and purine metabolism, respectively, thereby increasing the levels of caffeic acid, fumaric acid, and uric acid. Activating the TCA cycle was important in the wheat’s response to combined stress. Additionally, NaCl and combined stresses affected starch and sucrose metabolism, resulting in sucrose and trehalose accumulation. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the response of wheat to the combined Cd and salinity stress.

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