MOF-derived porous ZnO integrated with NiO and colloidal QDs for efficient hydrogen generation via a synergistic photoelectrochemical and electrochemical process

A bifunctional electrode that integrates NiO cocatalysts and QDs light absorbers exhibits a higher J sc of 21.7 mA cm −2 , providing an efficient and low-cost paradigm to generate hydrogen under both light-on and light-off conditions.