Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio in Prediction of Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Prospective Single Center Study

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) was the most common discharge diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorder that places a substantial burden on the healthcare system. The clinical course of most patient with AP is often mild and it often resolves without sequelae. And yet a considerable percentage of people develop severe AP (SAP) that would greatly affect the outcome. The objective of the current study is to assess the value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in prediction of SAP. Patients and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology of Assiut University Hospital in the Period between 2018 and 2020. A total of 100 patients with AP were enrolled in the study. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and outcome data of those patients were recorded. NLR and PLR were calculated. Results: Out of the enrolled patients; based on the revised Atlanta Criteria, 19 (19%) patients had SAP and 81 (81%) patients had mild AP. Patients with SAP had significantly higher serum creatinine, NLR and PLR. Also, frequency of mortality and admission to intensive care unit was significantly higher in patients with SAP.NLR at cutoff point >2.43 had 100% overall accuracy in prediction of SAP with area under curve (AUC) was1 while PLR at cutoff >187.04 had 87% overall accuracy with AUC was 0.850. Conclusion: patients with SAP had bad prognosis. Usage of NLR and PLR can help in prediction of those patients with NLR and PLR. Future studies to confirm such findings are recommended.