Nanozyme Cascade Self-Powered H2O2 Strategy for Chemiluminescence Array Sensor to Monitor and Deactivate Multiple Bacteria

Early warning and deactivation of multiple bacteria are highly desirable to prevent pathogen-responsible bacterial infectious illnesses. Here, we developed a nanozyme cascade self-powered H2O2 strategy for a chemiluminescence (CL) array immunosensor to enable high-throughput and simultaneous monitoring of multiple bacteria as well as their deactivation. Specifically, a novel ZIF-67@CoFePBA yolk–shell nanozyme was synthesized through a dissociation and re-coordination mechanism, exhibiting significantly enhanced peroxidase (POD)-like activity due to the confinement and synergistic effects. ZIF-67@CoFePBA nanozyme was utilized to immobilize glucose oxidase (GOx) for constructing the nanozyme cascade self-powered H2O2 system. ZIF-67@CoFePBA nanozyme can catalyze in-situ H2O2 to produce hydroxyl radicals (·OH), resulting in stable glow-type CL to construct array immunosensors without exogenous H2O2. The self-powered CL array sensor was exploited to simultaneously detect numerous bacteria with wide linear ranges of 1.5×10–1.5×107 CFU/mL for Staphylococcus aureus and 1.5×102–1.5×107 CFU/mL for Escherichia coli. Furthermore, the generated ·OH can destroy the internal structure of the bacteria and effectively eliminate them. This study provides a promising insight into the design of self-powered H2O2 sensors for high-throughput and simultaneous detection of multiple bacteria and their subsequent deactivation.