自愈水凝胶
材料科学
聚合物
溶剂
非共价相互作用
胶粘剂
韧性
溶解
软质材料
聚合物网络
化学工程
纳米技术
高分子科学
高分子化学
有机化学
复合材料
分子
氢键
化学
工程类
图层(电子)
作者
Liju Xu,Shan Gao,Qirui Guo,Chen Wang,Yan Qiao,Dong Qiu
标识
DOI:10.1002/adma.202004579
摘要
Abstract Physical hydrogels from existing polymers consisting of noncovalent interacting networks are highly desired due to their well‐controlled compositions and environmental friendliness; and therefore, applied as adhesives, artificial tissues, and soft machines. Nevertheless, these gels have suffered from weak mechanical strength and low water resistance. Current methodologies used to fabricate these hydrogels mainly involve the freezing–thawing process (cryogels), which are complicated in preparation and short in adjustment of polymer conformation. Here, taking the merits of noncovalent bonds in adjustability and reversibility, a solvent‐exchange strategy is developed to construct a class of exogels. Based on the exchange from a good solvent subsequently to a poor one, the intra‐ and interpolymer interactions are initially suppressed and then recovered, resulting in dissolving and cross‐linking to polymers, respectively. Key to this approach is the good solvent, which favors of a stretched polymer conformation to homogenize the network, forming cross‐linked hydrogel networks with remarkable stiffness, toughness, antiswelling properties, and thus underwater adhesive performance. The exogels highlight a facile but highly effective strategy of turning the solvent and consequently the noncovalent interactions to achieve the rational design of enhanced hydrogels and hydrogel‐based soft materials.
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