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Absorption Spectra and the Electronic Structure of Gallic Acid in Water at Different pH: Experimental Data and Theoretical Cluster Models

化学 极化连续介质模型 极化率 分子 吸收光谱法 谱线 星团(航天器) 质子化 带隙 密度泛函理论 水溶液 水团 计算化学 电介质 氢键 脱质子化 吸收(声学) 化学物理 物理化学 离子 溶剂化 有机化学 光学 材料科学 光电子学 计算机科学 物理 程序设计语言 天文
作者
Natalia V. Karimova,Man Luo,Izaac Sit,Vicki H. Grassian,R. Benny Gerber
出处
期刊:Journal of Physical Chemistry A [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:126 (2): 190-197 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.jpca.1c07333
摘要

Gallic acid (GA) has been characterized in terms of its optical properties in aqueous solutions at varying pH in experiments and in theoretical calculations by analyzing the protonated and deprotonated forms of GA. This work is part of a series of studies of the optical properties of different carboxylic acids in aqueous media. The experimental electronic spectra of GA exhibit two strong well-separated absorption peaks (B- and C-bands), which agree with previous studies. However, in the current study, an additional well-defined low-energy shoulder band (A-band) in the optical spectra of GA was identified. It is likely that the A-band occurs for other carboxylic acids in solution, but because it can overlap with the B-band, it is difficult to discern. The theoretical calculations based on density functional theory were used to simulate the optical absorption spectra of GA in water at different pH to prove the existence of this newly found shoulder band and to describe and characterize the full experimental optical spectra of GA. Different cluster models were tested: (i) all water molecules are coordinated near the carboxy-group and (ii) additional water molecules near the hydroxy-groups of the phenyl ring were included. In this study, we found that both the polarizable continuum model (dielectric property of a medium) and neighboring water molecules (hydrogen-bonding) play significant roles in the optical spectrum. The results showed that only an extended cluster model with water molecules near carboxy- and hydroxy-groups together with the polarizable continuum model allowed us to fully reproduce the experimental data and capture all three absorption bands (A, B, and C). The oscillator strengths of the absorption bands were obtained from the experimental data and compared with theoretical results. Additionally, our work provides a detailed interpretation of the pH effects observed in the experimental absorption spectra.
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