Impact of oxidative stress SNPs on sperm DNA damage and male infertility in a south-east Iranian population

We examined four single nucleotide polymorphisms in four antioxidant genes (PON1 , CAT , GPx1 and SOD2 ) in 100 infertility cases and 100 controls from an Iranian population-based case-control study to confirm the assumption that polymorphisms in oxidative stress genes increase the risk of sperm DNA damage and idiopathic male infertility.Restriction fragment length polymorphism and tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR were used to identify genotypes. Sperm DNA damage was assessed using the Sperm Chromatin Dispersion test (Halo Sperm), and the total antioxidant capacity of seminal fluid was determined using the FRAP assay.Our findings demonstrated that alleles Arg-PON1 (rs662) and Ala-MnSOD (rs4880) variant genotypes were considerably linked with a higher risk of male infertility.Linear regression analysis revealed that those with the PON1 Gln192Arg or SOD2 Val16Ala variants have significantly higher levels of sperm DNA fragmentation and lower levels of the total antioxidant capacity in seminal fluid.These findings suggest that genetic differences in antioxidant genes may be linked to oxidative stress, sperm DNA damage, and idiopathic male infertility.