生物
SMAD公司
细胞生物学
磷酸化
核心
R-SMAD
转化生长因子β
信号转导
Smad2蛋白
细胞
细胞信号
细胞膜
生物化学
内皮糖蛋白
干细胞
川地34
作者
Yigong Shi,Joan Massagué
出处
期刊:Cell
[Elsevier]
日期:2003-06-01
卷期号:113 (6): 685-700
被引量:5534
标识
DOI:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00432-x
摘要
TGF-beta signaling controls a plethora of cellular responses and figures prominently in animal development. Recent cellular, biochemical, and structural studies have revealed significant insight into the mechanisms of the activation of TGF-beta receptors through ligand binding, the activation of Smad proteins through phosphorylation, the transcriptional regulation of target gene expression, and the control of Smad protein activity and degradation. This article reviews these latest advances and presents our current understanding on the mechanisms of TGF-beta signaling from cell membrane to the nucleus.
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