Cooperative Eco-Driving at Signalized Intersections in a Partially Connected and Automated Vehicle Environment

The emergence of connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technology has the potential to bring a number of benefits to our existing transportation systems. Specifically, when CAVs travel along an arterial corridor with signalized intersections, they can not only be driven automatically using pre-designed control models but can also communicate with other CAVs and the roadside infrastructure. In this paper, we describe a cooperative eco-driving (CED) system targeted for signalized corridors, focusing on how the penetration rate of CAVs affects the energy efficiency of the traffic network. In particular, we propose a role transition protocol for CAVs to switch between a leader and following vehicles in a string. Longitudinal control models are developed for conventional vehicles in the network and for different CAVs based on their roles and distances to intersections. A microscopic traffic simulation evaluation has been conducted using PTV VISSIM with realistic traffic data collected for the City of Riverside, CA, USA. The effects on traffic mobility are evaluated, and the environmental benefits are analyzed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) model. The simulation results indicate that the energy consumption and pollutant emissions of the proposed system decrease, as the penetration rate of CAVs increases. Specifically, more than 7% reduction on energy consumption and up to 59% reduction on pollutant emission can be achieved when all vehicles in the proposed system are CAVs.