Fluorinated carbonaceous nanoparticles as active material in primary lithium battery

In this work, we address the properties of fluorinated carbonaceous nanoparticles (F-CNPs) prepared using a low-temperature process in molten Li-Na-K carbonates at the eutectic composition. The electrochemical performance of these materials is evaluated as the positive electrode of primary lithium ion batteries. Structural analyses show that CNPs are composed of both amorphous and graphitized domains with low crystallinity that induces presence of different types of CO bonds. In contrast with commercial CFx materials, F-CNPs do not give rise to a flat potential plateau but exhibit a continuous decrease of the potential. The difference in the electrochemical performance observed for F-CNPs (CF∼0.43) can be significantly noted for high discharge at 1C rate, for which the discharge potential is about 0.7–0.9 V higher than that obtained with commercial CFx with an increase of the specific capacity to ca. 450 mA h g−1.