[Analysis of first-time hearing screening tests among singlets and twin neonates in neonatal intensive care unit].

Objective:To investigate the failure in the hearing screening test among twin neonates in neonatal intensive care unit （NICU） and to further clarify the etiology of neonatal hearing impairment, thus to provide insights into prevention and early intervention. Methods:Automated auditory brainstem response（AABR）, distortion product otoacoustic emission（DPOAE） and acoustic immittance were performed on 1452 neonates（including 130 twins） admitted in NICU from January 2015 to June 2018 and the risk factors including premature birth, hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, etc. were analyzed retrospectively by univariate chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results:The incidence of C-section, premature birth, hyperbilirubinemia, low birth weight, very low birth weight, in-vitro fertilization, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and formula or mixed feeding among twin neonates were significantly higher than those of singleton neonates （P<0.05）. The pass rates of the first-time AABR, DPOAE and acoustic immittance were significantly lower than singleton neonates. The proportion of twin neonates who failed the initial screening but recovered in the following test was as high as 72.86%. AABR pass rate was correlated with congenital heart disease, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, C-section and （very） low birth weight. The pass rate of DPOAE was correlated with low birth weight and C-section. The pass rate of acoustic immittance was correlated with preterm birth, C-section, low birth weight, gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension. The pass rate of diagnostic ABR was associated with gestational diabetes. And the pass rate of diagnostic DPOAE was associated with maternal age ≥40 years old. Conclusion:The first-time hearing screening pass rate of twin neonates in NICU is lower than that of neonatal singleton. Most twin neonates who fail in the first screening test will recover. Preterm birth, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, （very） low birth weight, congenital heart disease, gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, maternal age ≥ 40 years old and C-section are associated with the first-time failure in hearing screening tests among twin neonates, thus entailing close follow-up.目的：明确双胎新生儿出现听力障碍的原因和影响因素，为其预防和早期干预提供依据。 方法：收集2015年1月—2018年6月在上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心重症监护病房（NICU）住院治疗的1452例新生儿，其中130例为双胎新生儿。对其进行自动听性脑干反应（AABR）、畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）以及1000 Hz声导抗检查，将检查结果同早产、高胆红素血症、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征等孕产期常见危险因素进行相关性分析。 结果：130例双胎新生儿的剖宫产、早产、新生儿高胆红素血症、低出生体重、极低出生体重、试管婴儿、妊娠期高血压综合征和人工或混合喂养发生率与单胎新生儿相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），其AABR、DPOAE和声导抗通过率均分别显著低于单胎新生儿。初筛未通过的双胎新生儿复查通过的比例高达72.86%。双胎新生儿AABR初次通过率与先天性心脏病、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、剖宫产、低和极低出生体重相关，DPOAE初次通过率与低出生体重和剖宫产相关，声导抗初次单峰率与早产、剖宫产、低出生体重、妊娠期糖尿病和妊娠期高血压综合征等因素呈负相关。诊断性听力筛查结果提示双胎新生儿ABR通过率同妊娠期糖尿病相关，DPOAE通过率与≥40岁高龄产妇相关。 结论： NICU中双胎新生儿的听力筛查初次通过率显著低于同期单胎新生儿听力筛查通过率。初次听力筛查未通过的新生儿大部分听力可恢复。其中早产、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、低和极低出生体重、先天性心脏病、妊娠糖尿病、妊娠期高血压综合征、≥40岁高龄产妇及剖宫产等危险因素与双胎新生儿初次听力筛查未通过率有显著相关性，需要密切随访。.