Radiation-associated Cardiac Injury.

Chest radiotherapy continues to play an important role in the treatment of breast cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and other malignancies. Subsequent cardiac injury has been described involving essentially all structures of the heart, with most radiation-induced injury being progressive in nature. Our understanding over the multifactorial etiology and development of radiation-associated cardiac injury has advanced, leading to improved techniques aimed at decreasing cardiac radiation exposure and associated risks. Monitoring after radiotherapy clearly appears to be indicated; however, optimal recommendations regarding cardiac screening remain difficult to establish.