Predictive Factors for Post-Thrombotic Syndrome in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis Treated with AngioJet Pharmacomechanical Thrombectomy: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

BACKGROUND Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is one of the most common peripheral vascular diseases. AngioJet pharmacomechanical thrombectomy has been widely used to treat DVT. This study evaluated outcomes of patients with DVT after pharmacomechanical thrombectomy and determined potential risk factors associated with prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective review was conducted to enroll patients with DVT who received AngioJet pharmacomechanical thrombectomy from July 2018 to May 2020. Clinical data and outcome measures, including baseline demographic information, procedure details, adverse events, incidence of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), and Villalta scores were collected. The logistic regression modeling began with a univariate analysis to identify factors with statistically significant differences. Multivariate analysis revealed predictive factors of the development of PTS. RESULTS Eighty-nine patients were recruited and divided into 2 groups according to the presence of PTS: 22 patients in the PTS group and 67 patients in the non-PTS group. All cases were technically successful. Total median dosage of thrombolytic agents was 260 million units (range, 160-440 million units) and median duration of hospital stay was 5 days (range, 2-15 days). No major adverse events were observed. Univariate analysis showed statistical significance for all factors tested, except age, sex, and leg varicosities at baseline between the groups. Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that only time from onset to treatment (OR=1.745; 95% CI=1.316-2.315) was associated with incidence of PTS after pharmacomechanical thrombectomy. CONCLUSIONS AngioJet pharmacomechanical thrombectomy is an effective therapeutic approach for DVT. Time from onset to treatment was an independent factor in predicting development of PTS.