Leukoreduced PRP enhanced proliferation and ECM production yet inhibited senescence, inflammation, and multi-differentiation potential of AFSCs by downregulating HMGB1

Background This study assessed the role and potential mechanism of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the progression of intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD).Methods Annulus fibrosus (AF)-derived stem cells (AFSCs) from New Zealand white rabbits received the transfection with high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) plasmids and the subsequent treatment with bleomycin, 10% leukoreduced PRP or leukoconcentrated PRP. Dying cells were indicated by immunocytochemistry analysis for senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining. The proliferation of these cells was evaluated based on the population doubling time (PDT). The expressions of HMGB1, pro-aging and anti-aging molecules, extracellular matrix (ECM)-related catabolic/anabolic factors, and inflammatory genes at the molecular or transcriptional levels were quantified via Western blot or reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Besides, the adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes were separately dyed by Oil Red O, Alizarin Red S, and Safranin O staining.Results Bleomycin enhanced the senescent morphological changes and increased the PDT and the expressions of SA-β-gal, pro-aging molecules, ECM-related catabolic factors, inflammatory genes, and HMGB1 while suppressing the expressions of anti-aging and anabolic molecules. Leukoreduced PRP reversed the effects of bleomycin and inhibited the differentiation of AFSCs into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Besides, HMGB1 overexpression offset the roles of leukoreduced PRP in AFSCs.Conclusion Leukoreduced PRP promotes cell proliferation and ECM production of AFSCs, while inhibiting their senescence, inflammation, and multi-differentiation potentials via downregulating HMGB1 expression.