Research progress on the relationship between phenotype and signaling pathways of pulmonary macrophages and asthma

Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory lung disease Lung tissue macrophages are important immune cells in respiratory tract. Lung macrophages are also heterogenous in that there are separate subsets and, depending on the environment, different effector functions. They have different phenotypes and biological functions in different disease environments. At present, the study on the different phenotypes and function analysis of macrophages in lung tissue is not perfect. Pulmonary macrophages undergo phenotypic changes during asthma. This review summarizes current literature and provides a detailed introduction to the role of macrophages as key inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of asthma, as well as existing knowledge gaps. In addition, we propose that regulatory macrophages may prevent the development of asthma by producing IL-10, and regulating the polarization of pulmonary macrophages may be a new direction for asthma treatment.