A privacy-preserving multi-factor authentication scheme for cloud-assisted IoMT with post-quantum security

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has found widespread application in the healthcare system, leveraging the integration of wireless communication and cloud computing to revolutionize modern healthcare practices. This paradigm, however, poses security vulnerabilities since malicious actors might exploit the public channel to impersonate legitimate devices or services and steal sensitive data. Before transmitting sensitive information, it is critical to build authentication between wearable devices and servers. Despite various proposed solutions, present approaches suffer from constraints like as sensitivity to quantum attacks and high computation overhead, necessitating additional advancement. To address these challenges, this article presents a privacy-preserving multi-factor authentication scheme with post-quantum security to enhance the security of cloud-enable IoMT. The proposed scheme utilizes hash operations and error reconciliation technology to provide highly secure and flexible authentication suitable for the cloud environment. The scheme's security is provable under the Real-Or-Random (ROR) model, meeting common security requirements in wireless network. This article also presents a thorough comparison of our proposed scheme with state-of-the-art methods, showcasing a well-balanced trade-off between security and overhead.