Optimizing the Cell–Nanostructure Interface: Nanoconcave/Nanoconvex Device for Intracellular Recording of Cardiomyocytes

Nanostructures are powerful components for the development of high-performance nanodevices. Revealing and understanding the cell-nanostructure interface are essential for improving and guiding nanodevice design for investigations of cell physiology. For intracellular electrophysiological detection, the cell-nanostructure interface significantly affects the quality of recorded intracellular action potentials and the application of nanodevices in cardiology research and pharmacological screening. Most of the current investigations of biointerfaces focus on nanovertical structures, and few involve nanoconcave structures. Here, we design both nanoconvex and nanoconcave devices to perform intracellular electrophysiological recordings. The amplitude, signal-to-noise ratio, duration, and repeatability of the recorded intracellular electrophysiological signals provide a multifaceted characterization of the cell-nanostructure interface. We demonstrate that devices based on both convex and concave nanostructures can create tight coupling, which facilitates high-quality and stable intracellular recordings and paves the way for precise electrophysiological study.