疼痛
神经肽
伤害
降钙素基因相关肽
P物质
甘丙肽
医学
三叉神经节
神经科学
阿片肽
神经源性炎症
伤害感受器
类阿片
心理学
感觉系统
内科学
受体
物理疗法
作者
Jian Wang,Xiangtao Liu,Jiangtao Gou,Jing Deng,Mujia Li,Yafen Zhu,Zhifang Wu
摘要
Abstract Background Neuropeptides play a critical role in regulating pain and inflammation. Despite accumulating evidence has further uncovered the novel functions and mechanisms of different neuropeptides in orofacial pain sensation and transmission, there is deficient systematic description of neuropeptides' pain modulation in the orofacial region, especially in the trigeminal system. Objectives The present review aims to summarise several key neuropeptides and gain a better understanding of their major regulatory roles in orofacial inflammation and pain. Methods We review and summarise current studies related to calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), opioid peptide (OP), galanin (GAL) and other neuropeptides' functions and mechanisms as well as promising targets for orofacial pain control. Results A number of neuropeptides are clearly expressed in the trigeminal sensory system and have critical functions in the transduction and pathogenesis of orofacial pain. The functions, possible cellular and molecular mechanisms have been introduced and discussed. Neuropeptides and their agonists or antagonists which are widely studied to be potential treatment options of orofacial pain has been evaluated. Conclusions Various neuropeptides play important but distinct (pro‐nociceptive or analgesic) roles in orofacial pain with different mechanisms. In summary, CGRP, SP, NPY, NKA, HK‐1, VIP mainly play proinflammatory and pro‐nociceptive effects while OP, GAL, OXT, OrxA mainly have inhibitory effects on orofacial pain.
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