非快速眼动睡眠
认知功能衰退
心理学
睡眠纺锤
认知
精神分裂症(面向对象编程)
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停
神经科学
睡眠剥夺对认知功能的影响
多导睡眠图
记忆巩固
睡眠(系统调用)
听力学
精神科
医学
眼球运动
脑电图
痴呆
疾病
心脏病学
内科学
计算机科学
操作系统
海马体
标识
DOI:10.1093/schbul/sbae059
摘要
Abstract Background and Hypothesis Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia that worsens with aging and interferes with quality of life. Recent work identifies sleep as an actionable target to alleviate cognitive deficits. Cardinal non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep oscillations such as sleep spindles and slow oscillations are critical for cognition. People living with schizophrenia (PLWS) and their first-degree relatives have a specific reduction in sleep spindles and an abnormality in their temporal coordination with slow oscillations that predict impaired memory consolidation. While NREM oscillatory activity is reduced in typical aging, it is not known how further disruption in these oscillations contributes to cognitive decline in older PLWS. Another understudied risk factor for cognitive deficits among older PLWS is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) which may contribute to cognitive decline. Study Design We conducted a narrative review to examine the published literature on aging, OSA, and NREM sleep oscillations in PLWS. Study Results Spindles are propagated via thalamocortical feedback loops, and this circuitry shows abnormal hyperconnectivity in schizophrenia as revealed by structural and functional MRI studies. While the risk and severity of OSA increase with age, older PLWS are particularly vulnerable to OSA-related cognitive deficits because OSA is often underdiagnosed and undertreated, and OSA adds further damage to the circuitry that generates NREM sleep oscillations. Conclusions We highlight the critical need to study NREM sleep in older PWLS and propose that identifying and treating OSA in older PLWS will provide an avenue to potentially mitigate and prevent cognitive decline.
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