On the Importance of an Acid Additive in the Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2‐a]benzimidazoles by Direct Copper‐Catalyzed Amination

胺化 催化作用 分子内力 化学 组合化学 模块化设计 有机化学 计算机科学 操作系统
作者
Kye‐Simeon Masters,Tom R. M. Rauws,Ashok Kumar Yadav,Wouter Herrebout,Benjamin van der Veken,Bert U. W. Maes
出处
期刊:Chemistry: A European Journal [Wiley]
卷期号:17 (23): 6315-6320 被引量:131
标识
DOI:10.1002/chem.201100574
摘要

Chemistry – A European JournalVolume 17, Issue 23 p. 6315-6320 Communication On the Importance of an Acid Additive in the Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles by Direct Copper-Catalyzed Amination Dr. Kye-Simeon Masters, Dr. Kye-Simeon Masters Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Search for more papers by this authorTom R. M. Rauws, Tom R. M. Rauws Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Search for more papers by this authorDr. Ashok K. Yadav, Dr. Ashok K. Yadav Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Search for more papers by this authorProf. Dr. Wouter A. Herrebout, Prof. Dr. Wouter A. Herrebout Cryospectroscopy, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium)Search for more papers by this authorProf. Dr. Benjamin Van der Veken, Prof. Dr. Benjamin Van der Veken Cryospectroscopy, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium)Search for more papers by this authorProf. Dr. Bert U. W. Maes, Corresponding Author Prof. Dr. Bert U. W. Maes [email protected] Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Search for more papers by this author Dr. Kye-Simeon Masters, Dr. Kye-Simeon Masters Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Search for more papers by this authorTom R. M. Rauws, Tom R. M. Rauws Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Search for more papers by this authorDr. Ashok K. Yadav, Dr. Ashok K. Yadav Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Search for more papers by this authorProf. Dr. Wouter A. Herrebout, Prof. Dr. Wouter A. Herrebout Cryospectroscopy, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium)Search for more papers by this authorProf. Dr. Benjamin Van der Veken, Prof. Dr. Benjamin Van der Veken Cryospectroscopy, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium)Search for more papers by this authorProf. Dr. Bert U. W. Maes, Corresponding Author Prof. Dr. Bert U. W. Maes [email protected] Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Organic Synthesis, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 32653233Search for more papers by this author First published: 20 April 2011 https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201100574Citations: 125Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Graphical Abstract Not just an acid! An expedient and highly modular synthesis of 6-, 7-, and 8-substituted pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles (4) has been developed by a direct intramolecular CH amination of N-phenylpyridin-2-amines (3). Efficient CH amination of 3 could only be achieved in the presence of catalytic copper and an acid additive. The type of acid (pKa) proved to be crucial for the catalysis. CCl aminations in N-(2-chloroaryl)pyridin-2-amines allow access to 9-substituted pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles. Supporting Information Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as "Supporting Information". Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Filename Description chem_201100574_sm_miscellaneous_information.pdf1.3 MB miscellaneous_information Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. References 1G. Tennant, The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, Vol. 40 (Eds.: ), Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1980, pp. 257–461. 2For routes to specifically substituted pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles, see: 2aS. V. Ryabukhin, A. S. Plaskon, D. M. Volochnyuk, A. A. Tolmachev, Synthesis 2007, 3155–3162; 2bC. G. Yan, Q. F. Wang, X. K. Song, J. Sun, J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 710–718; 2cK. Panda, J. R. Suresh, H. Ila, H. Junjappa, J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 3498–3506. 3Anticancer: 3aM. Sedic, M. Poznic, P. Gehrig, M. Scott, R. Schlapbach, M. Hranjec, G. Karminski-Zamola, K. Pavelic, S. Kraljevic, Mol. Canc. Therap. 2008, 7, 2121–2132; 3bS. A. M. El-Hawash, E.-S. A. M. Badawey, T. Kappe, Pharmazie 1999, 54, 341–345; 3cM. Dupuy, F. Pinguet, O. Chavignon, J.-M. Chezal, J.-C. Chapat, Y. Blache, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 2001, 49, 1061–1065. 4As Ca2+ releasers in skeletal muscle: Y. Takahashi, K.-I. Furakawa, M. Ishibashi, D. Kozutsumi, H. Ishiyama, J. Kobayashi, Y. Ohizumi, Eur. J. Pharmacol., Mol. Pharmacol. Sect. 1995, 288, 285–293. 5Rifaximin, containing the pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole core, is a unique gastrointestinal-selective antibiotic for enteric diseases: H. L. Koo, H. L. Dupont, Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 2010, 26, 17–25. 6Alteration of the lifespan of eukaryotic organisms: D. F. Goldfarb (University of Rochester, Rochester), US 2009163545, 2009. 7Solubility: 94 mg of 4 a dissolves in 100 mL of distilled H2O at 20 °C; 592 mg at 100 °C. 8Fluorescence: 8aE. N. Smirnova, T. V. Onschenskaya, V. P. Zvolinskii, D. L. Nénde, Fiz. Khim. Poverkhn. 1988, 65–72; 8bJ.-S. Bae, D.-W. Lee, D.-H. Lee, D.-S. Jeong (LG Chem. Ltd, Seoul), WO2007011163A1, 2007. Fluorescent dyes: 8cR. Erckel, D. Günther, H. Frühbeis (Hoechst AG., Frankfurt), DE2640760A1, 1978; [ Chem. Abstr. 1978, 89, 7595]. Dyes: 8dE. Schefzcik (BASF AG., Ludwigshafen), DE2701659A1, 1978; 8eJ. Denhert, G. Lamm (BASF AG., Ludwigshafen), DE2022817, 1972. 9 9aK. T. J. Loones, B. U. W. Maes, R. A. Dommisse, G. L. F. Lemière, Chem. Commun. 2004, 2466–2467; 9bK. T. J. Loones, B. U. W. Maes, C. Meyers, J. Deruytter, J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 260–264; 9cK. T. J. Loones, B. U. W. Maes, W. A. Herrebout, R. A. Dommisse, R. A., G. L. F. Lemière, B. J. Van der Veken, Tetrahedron 2007, 63, 3818–3825; 9dK. T. J. Loones, B. U. W. Maes, R. A. Dommisse, Tetrahedron 2007, 63, 8954–8961; 9eT. R. M. Rauws, C. Biancalani, J. W. De Schutter, B. U. W. Maes, Tetrahedron 2010, 66, 6958–6964. 10 10aA. S. Guram, R. A. Rennels, S. L. Buchwald, Angew. Chem. 1995, 107, 1456–1459; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1348–1350; 10bJ. Louie, J. F. Hartwig, Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36, 3609–3612. 11For examples dealing with Pd-catalyzed amination on 2-chloropyridines, see: 11aT. H. M. Jonckers, B. U. W. Maes, G. L. F. Lemière, R. Dommisse, Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 7027–7034; 11bK. W. Anderson, R. E. Tundel, T. Ikawa, R. A. Altman, S. L. Buchwald, Angew. Chem. 2006, 118, 6673–6677; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 6523–6527; 11cS. Hostyn, G. Van Baelen, G. L. F. Lemière, B. U. W. Maes, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2008, 350, 2653–2660; 11dQ. Shen, T. Ogata, J. F. Hartwig, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 6586–65956. 12For selected reviews dealing with CH functionalization, see: 12aF. Collet, R. H. Dodd, P. Dauban, Chem. Commun. 2009, 5061–5074; 12bO. Daugulis, H.-Q. Do, D. Shabashov, Acc. Chem. Res. 2009, 42, 1074–1086; 12cX. Chen, K. M. Engle, D.-H. Wang, J. Q. Yu, Angew. Chem. 2009, 121, 5196–5217; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 5094–5115; 12dP. Thansandote, M. Lautens, Chem. Eur. J. 2009, 15, 5874–5883; 12eL. Ackermann, R. Vicente, A. R. Kapdi, Angew. Chem. 2009, 121, 9976–10011; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9792–9826; 12fJ. C. Lewis, R. E. Bergman, J. A. Ellman, Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41, 1013–1025; 12gB.-J. Li, S.-D. Yang, Z.-J. Shi, Synlett 2008, 949–957; 12hY. J. Park, J.-W. Park, C.-H. Jun, Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41, 222–234; 12iL.-C. Campeau, D. R. Stuart, K. Fagnou, Aldrichimica Acta 2007, 40, 35–41; 12jD. Alberico, M. E. Scott, M. Lautens, Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 174–238; 12kL. Ackermann, Top. Organomet. Chem. 2007, 24, 35–60; 12lK. R. Campos, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2007, 36, 1069–1084; 12mI. Seregin, V. Gevorgyan, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2007, 36, 1173–1193; 12nL. C. Campeau, K. Fagnou, Chem. Commun. 2006, 1253–1264; 12oK. Godula, D. Sames, Science 2006, 312, 67–72; 12pA. R. Dick, M. S. Sanford, Tetrahedron 2006, 62, 2439–2463. 13For a review of CH functionalization by metal nitrenoid insertion, see: 13aH. M. L. Davies, J. R. Manning, Nature 2008, 451, 417–424. For an example involving nitrogen activation via oxidative addition, see: 13bY. Tan, J. F. Hartwig, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 3676–3677. 14 14aJ. A. Jordan-Hore, C. C. C. Johansson, M. Gulias, E. M. Beck, M. J. Gaunt, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 16184–16186; 14bM. Wasa, J. Q. Yu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 14058–14059; 14cT.-S. Mei, X. Wang, J.-Q. Yu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 10806–10807; 14dW. C. P. Tsang, N. Zheng, S. L. Buchwald, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 14560–14561; 14eW. C. P. Tsang, R. H. Munday, G. Brasche, N. Zheng, S. L. Buchwald, J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 7603–7610; 14fK. Orito, A. Horibata, T. Nakamura, H. Ushito, H. Nagasaki, M. Yuguchi, S. Yamashita, M. Tokuda, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 14342–14343; 14gG. Brasche, S. L. Buchwald, Angew. Chem. 2008, 120, 1958–1960; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 1932–1934; 14hQ. Xiao, W.-H. Wang, G. Liu, F.-K. Meng, J.-H. Chen, Z. Yang, Z.-J. Shi, Chem. Eur. J. 2009, 15, 7292–7296; 14iL. Zhang, G. Y. Ang, S. Chiba, Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 3682–3685; 14jK. Inamoto, T. Saito, M. Katsuno, T. Sakamoto, K. Hiroya, Org. Lett. 2007, 9, 2931–2934; K. Inamoto, T. Saito, K. Hiroya, T. Doi, J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 3900–3903; 14kN. Guimond, C. Gouliaras, K. Fagnou, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 6908–6909. 15See Supporting Information. 16For example, 1,10-phenanthroline. 17For the importance of the type of acid as solvent (PivOH) in Pd-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative biaryl synthesis, see: B. Liegault, D. Lee, M. P. Huestis, D. R. Stuart, K. Fagnou, J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 5022–5028. 18Upon mixing the reagents at room temperature a better solubility of CuII(OAc)2 was observed in the presence of benzoic acids versus acetic acid.[15] 19For application of such conditions to the synthesis of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, see: 19aN. Barbero, M. Carril, R. SanMartin, E. Domínguez, Tetrahedron 2007, 63, 10425–10432; 19bJ. H. Spatz, T. Bach, M. Umkkehrer, J. Bardin, G. Ross, C. Burdack, J. Kolb, Tetrahedron Lett. 2007, 48, 9030–9034; 19cG. Evindar, R. A. Batey, J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 1802–1808. 20For an intramolecular amination process with stoichiometric CuI salts and iodide or bromide substrates, see: K. Yamada, T. Kubo, H. Tokuyama, T. Fukuyama, Synlett 2002, 0231–0234. 21For amination processes on aryl iodides and bromides with catalytic CuI salts and ligands, see: 21aH.-J. Cristau, P. P. Cellier, J.-F. Spindler, M. Taillefer, Chem. Eur. J. 2004, 10, 5607–5622; 21bA. Klapars, J. C. Antilla, X. Huang, S. L. Buchwald, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7727–7729; 21cF. Y. Kwong, S. L. Buchwald, Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 793–796; 21dX. Deng, H. McAllister, N. S. Mani, J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 5742–5745. 22For a different synthetic route to tetracycle 7, see: C. Venkatesh, G. S. M. Sundaram, H. Ila, H. Junjappa, J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 1280–1283. 23KIEs have been observed for Pd-catalyzed intramolecular arylations, see: 23aD. Garcia-Cuadrado, A. A. C. Braga, F. Maseras, A. M. Echavarren, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 1066–1067; 23bD. Garcia-Cuadrado, P. de Mendoza, A. A. C. Braga, F. Maseras, A. M. Echavarren, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 6880–6886. 24A combination of both inter- and intramolecular KIEs can be significantly more informative than either by itself: E. J. Hennessy, S. L. Buchwald, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 12084–12085. 25For a similar anti-oxy-cupration in meta-selective copper-catalyzed CH bond arylation with Ph2IX as oxidant, see: R. J. Phipps, M. J. Gaunt, Science 2009, 323, 1593–1597. 26For an example of β-hydride elimination involving CuII species see: G. Franc, A. Jutand, Dalton Trans. 2010, 39, 7873–7875. 27Recently, our research group showed that in direct functionalization via transition-metal-catalyzed reactions the hydrogen atom in the substrate can be finally lost as H2 gas. H. Prokopcová, S. D. Bergman, K. Aelvoet, V. Smout, W. Herrebout, B. Van der Veken, L. Meerpoel, B. U. W. Maes, Chem. Eur. J. 2010, 16, 13063–13067. Raman spectroscopy measurement showed that in the direct aminations studied here, no H2 gas is formed under oxygen free atmosphere (Table 1, entry 24). 28In the Chan–Evans–Lam reaction, CuII acts as a single-electron oxidant: A. E. King, T. C. Brunold, S. S. Stahl, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 5044–5045. 29For kinetic isotope effects in syn β-hydride elimination, see: 29aJ. Evans, J. Schwartz, P. W. Urquhart, J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 81, C 37-C39; 29bC. J. Jenks, M. Xi, M. X. Yang, B. E. Bent, J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 2152–2157. 30 30aA comparison of kobsd values can only be done for those reactions with a very high selectivity towards the desired reaction product. Otherwise kobsd values do not represent exclusive information on the 3 to 4 transformation. kobsd values were determined for reactions run with 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid as additive. 30bDFT calculations were performed on structures B (Scheme 5), where R=Me. 31H. Wang, Y. Wang, C. Peng, J. Zhang, Q. Zhu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 13217–13219. Citing Literature Volume17, Issue23May 27, 2011Pages 6315-6320 ReferencesRelatedInformation
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
Twonej给lilianan的求助进行了留言
1秒前
dddddw完成签到,获得积分10
2秒前
儒雅致远发布了新的文献求助10
2秒前
3秒前
祖乐萱发布了新的文献求助10
5秒前
陈信宏完成签到,获得积分10
6秒前
6秒前
逍遥子完成签到,获得积分10
6秒前
7秒前
ff发布了新的文献求助10
8秒前
浮游应助djbj2022采纳,获得10
8秒前
科研通AI6应助双夏采纳,获得30
10秒前
冬日空虚完成签到,获得积分10
10秒前
11秒前
13秒前
14秒前
大个应助小黄采纳,获得10
14秒前
15秒前
15秒前
jack发布了新的文献求助10
16秒前
爱笑的天空完成签到,获得积分10
16秒前
17秒前
18秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
19秒前
19秒前
simdows完成签到,获得积分10
20秒前
科研通AI6应助季文婷采纳,获得10
20秒前
脑洞疼应助jack采纳,获得10
24秒前
123应助儒雅致远采纳,获得10
24秒前
慕青应助儒雅致远采纳,获得10
24秒前
善学以致用应助万事都灵采纳,获得10
25秒前
Wonder罗完成签到,获得积分20
26秒前
小蘑菇应助坦率幻灵采纳,获得10
30秒前
30秒前
31秒前
32秒前
34秒前
msf0073应助JJJ采纳,获得10
36秒前
躺躺躺发布了新的文献求助10
37秒前
39秒前
高分求助中
(应助此贴封号)【重要!!请各用户(尤其是新用户)详细阅读】【科研通的精品贴汇总】 10000
Encyclopedia of Reproduction Third Edition 3000
Comprehensive Methanol Science Production, Applications, and Emerging Technologies 2000
化妆品原料学 1000
Psychology of Self-Regulation 600
1st Edition Sports Rehabilitation and Training Multidisciplinary Perspectives By Richard Moss, Adam Gledhill 600
Qualitative Data Analysis with NVivo By Jenine Beekhuyzen, Pat Bazeley · 2024 500
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 生物 医学 工程类 计算机科学 有机化学 物理 生物化学 纳米技术 复合材料 内科学 化学工程 人工智能 催化作用 遗传学 数学 基因 量子力学 物理化学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 5638000
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 4744481
关于积分的说明 15000910
捐赠科研通 4796182
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 2562369
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 1521868
关于科研通互助平台的介绍 1481741