血管性血友病
无排卵
医学
病因学
月经
初潮
月经周期
妇科
儿科
产科
多囊卵巢
内科学
血管性血友病因子
激素
血小板
胰岛素抵抗
胰岛素
作者
Kaisu Luiro,Elina Holopainen
出处
期刊:Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
[Georg Thieme Verlag KG]
日期:2021-11-03
卷期号:40 (01/02): 023-031
被引量:6
标识
DOI:10.1055/s-0041-1739309
摘要
Abstract Heavy, and often irregular, menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common gynecologic complaint among adolescents. During the first few post-menarcheal years, anovulatory cycles related to immaturity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis are the most common etiology for abnormal uterine bleeding and should be considered as a part of normal pubertal development rather than a disease. If an already regular menstrual cycle becomes irregular, secondary causes of anovulation should be ruled out. Inherited and acquired bleeding disorders, such as von Willebrand disease, and quantitative and qualitative abnormalities of platelets are relatively common findings in adolescents with HMB from menarche. History of excessive bleeding or a diagnosed bleeding disorder in the family supports this etiology, warranting specialized laboratory testing. First-line treatment of HMB among adolescents is medical management with hormonal therapy or nonhormonal options. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device is an effective tool also for all adolescents with menstrual needs.
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