A Guideline for Reporting Mediation Analyses of Randomized Trials and Observational Studies

观察研究 医学 调解 指南 随机对照试验 系统回顾 德尔菲法 心理干预 梅德林 家庭医学 替代医学 循证医学 医学教育 护理部 病理 计算机科学 法学 人工智能 政治学
作者
Hopin Lee,Aidan G. Cashin,Sarah E Lamb,Sally Hopewell,Stijn Vansteelandt,Tyler J. VanderWeele,David P. MacKinnon,Gemma Mansell,Gary S. Collins,Robert Golub,James H. McAuley,A. Russell Localio,Ludovic G.P.M. van Amelsvoort,Eliseo Güallar,Judith J. M. Rijnhart,Kimberley Goldsmith,Amanda J. Fairchild,Cara C. Lewis,Steven J. Kamper,Christopher Williams,Nicholas Henschke
出处
期刊:JAMA [American Medical Association]
卷期号:326 (11): 1045-1045 被引量:260
标识
DOI:10.1001/jama.2021.14075
摘要

Importance

Mediation analyses of randomized trials and observational studies can generate evidence about the mechanisms by which interventions and exposures may influence health outcomes. Publications of mediation analyses are increasing, but the quality of their reporting is suboptimal.

Objective

To develop international, consensus-based guidance for the reporting of mediation analyses of randomized trials and observational studies (A Guideline for Reporting Mediation Analyses; AGReMA).

Design, Setting, and Participants

The AGReMA statement was developed using the Enhancing Quality and Transparency of Health Research (EQUATOR) methodological framework for developing reporting guidelines. The guideline development process included (1) an overview of systematic reviews to assess the need for a reporting guideline; (2) review of systematic reviews of relevant evidence on reporting mediation analyses; (3) conducting a Delphi survey with panel members that included methodologists, statisticians, clinical trialists, epidemiologists, psychologists, applied clinical researchers, clinicians, implementation scientists, evidence synthesis experts, representatives from the EQUATOR Network, and journal editors (n = 19; June-November 2019); (4) having a consensus meeting (n = 15; April 28-29, 2020); and (5) conducting a 4-week external review and pilot test that included methodologists and potential users of AGReMA (n = 21; November 2020).

Results

A previously reported overview of 54 systematic reviews of mediation studies demonstrated the need for a reporting guideline. Thirty-three potential reporting items were identified from 3 systematic reviews of mediation studies. Over 3 rounds, the Delphi panelists ranked the importance of these items, provided 60 qualitative comments for item refinement and prioritization, and suggested new items for consideration. All items were reviewed during a 2-day consensus meeting and participants agreed on a 25-item AGReMA statement for studies in which mediation analyses are the primary focus and a 9-item short-form AGReMA statement for studies in which mediation analyses are a secondary focus. These checklists were externally reviewed and pilot tested by 21 expert methodologists and potential users, which led to minor adjustments and consolidation of the checklists.

Conclusions and Relevance

The AGReMA statement provides recommendations for reporting primary and secondary mediation analyses of randomized trials and observational studies. Improved reporting of studies that use mediation analyses could facilitate peer review and help produce publications that are complete, accurate, transparent, and reproducible.
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