活体显微镜检查
纤维化
炎症
巨噬细胞
新生血管
再生(生物学)
生物材料
异物巨细胞
组织工程
去细胞化
病理
生物医学工程
细胞生物学
医学
血管生成
化学
生物
微循环
免疫学
体外
癌症研究
生物化学
放射科
作者
Eleonora Dondossola,Peter Friedl
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41578-021-00369-x
摘要
Biomaterials, biomedical devices and engineered cell grafts can be implanted to restitute tissue anatomy and function. Such implants can either integrate physiologically, with no or minimal scarring, or induce chronic inflammation and the foreign body response, which leads to graft failure. Intravital microscopy in small animal models can be applied to visualize the structure and integration of implanted natural and synthetic fibres, metals, cells within hydrogel carriers and engineered tissues, as well as the stepwise cellular and molecular tissue response. In this Review, we discuss how intravital microscopy can reveal regenerative and pathological responses to implants, including wound healing and graft integration, which depend on the time-controlled activation of macrophages and early neovascularization, and adverse reactions, such as the foreign body response and fibrosis. The combination of improved materials designs, detection of cell signalling using molecular reporters and targeted intervention will allow the development of strategies to improve graft integration and functionality.
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