着丝粒
生物
拟南芥
表观遗传学
卫星DNA
遗传学
基因组
后转座子
表观遗传学
动细胞
重复序列
异染色质
进化生物学
染色体
基因
DNA甲基化
转座因子
突变体
基因表达
作者
Matthew Naish,Michael Alonge,Piotr Włodzimierz,Andrew J. Tock,Bradley W. Abramson,Christophe Lambing,Pallas Kuo,Natasha Yelina,Nolan T. Hartwick,Kelly Colt,Tetsuji Kakutani,Robert A. Martienssen,Alexandros Bousios,Todd P. Michael,Michael C. Schatz,Ian R. Henderson
标识
DOI:10.1101/2021.05.30.446350
摘要
Abstract Centromeres attach chromosomes to spindle microtubules during cell division and, despite this conserved role, show paradoxically rapid evolution and are typified by complex repeats. We used ultra-long-read sequencing to generate the Col-CEN Arabidopsis thaliana genome assembly that resolves all five centromeres. The centromeres consist of megabase-scale tandemly repeated satellite arrays, which support high CENH3 occupancy and are densely DNA methylated, with satellite variants private to each chromosome. CENH3 preferentially occupies satellites with least divergence and greatest higher-order repetition. The centromeres are invaded by ATHILA retrotransposons, which disrupt genetic and epigenetic organization of the centromeres. Crossover recombination is suppressed within the centromeres, yet low levels of meiotic DSBs occur that are regulated by DNA methylation. We propose that Arabidopsis centromeres are evolving via cycles of satellite homogenization and retrotransposon-driven diversification. One-sentence summary Long read sequencing and assembly of the Arabidopsis centromeres reveals their genetic and epigenetic topography.
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