Sight restoration in congenitally blind humans does not restore visual brain structure

视皮层 皮质盲 背景(考古学) 白内障 视力 心理学 功能磁共振成像 神经科学 听力学 磁共振成像 医学 失明 眼科 验光服务 生物 古生物学 放射科
作者
Cordula Hölig,Maria das Dores Guerreiro,S. Lingareddy,Ramesh Kekunnaya,Brigitte Röder
出处
期刊:Cerebral Cortex [Oxford University Press]
卷期号:33 (5): 2152-2161 被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1093/cercor/bhac197
摘要

It is unknown whether impaired brain structure after congenital blindness is reversible if sight is restored later in life. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging, visual cortical surface area and cortical thickness were assessed in a large group of 21 sight-recovery individuals who had been born blind and who months or years later gained sight through cataract removal surgery. As control groups, we included 27 normally sighted individuals, 10 individuals with permanent congenital blindness, and 11 sight-recovery individuals with a late onset of cataracts. Congenital cataract-reversal individuals had a lower visual cortical surface area and a higher visual cortical thickness than normally sighted controls. These results corresponded to those of congenitally permanently blind individuals suggesting that impaired brain structure did not recover. Crucially, structural brain alterations in congenital-cataract reversal individuals were associated with a lower post-surgery visual acuity. No significant changes in visual cortex structure were observed in sight-recovery individuals with late onset cataracts. The results demonstrate that impaired structural brain development due to visual deprivation from birth is not fully reversible and limits functional recovery. Additionally, they highlight the crucial importance of prevention measures in the context of other types of aberrant childhood environments including low socioeconomic status and adversity.
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