Inbreeding and inbreeding avoidance in wild giant pandas

近亲繁殖 近亲繁殖抑郁症 避免近亲繁殖 生物 熊猫 生态学 人口 动物 择偶 进化生物学 交配 人口学 社会学 免疫学
作者
Yibo Hu,Yonggang Nie,Wei Wei,Tianxiao Ma,R Horn,Xiaoguang Zheng,Ronald R. Swaisgood,Zhixin Zhou,Wenliang Zhou,Yan Li,Zejun Zhang,Fuwen Wei
出处
期刊:Molecular Ecology [Wiley]
卷期号:26 (20): 5793-5806 被引量:64
标识
DOI:10.1111/mec.14284
摘要

Abstract Inbreeding can have negative consequences on population and individual fitness, which could be counteracted by inbreeding avoidance mechanisms. However, the inbreeding risk and inbreeding avoidance mechanisms in endangered species are less studied. The giant panda, a solitary and threatened species, lives in many small populations and suffers from habitat fragmentation, which may aggravate the risk of inbreeding. Here, we performed long‐term observations of reproductive behaviour, sampling of mother–cub pairs and large‐scale genetic analyses on wild giant pandas. Moderate levels of inbreeding were found in 21.1% of mating pairs, 9.1% of parent pairs and 7.7% of panda cubs, but no high‐level inbreeding occurred. More significant levels of inbreeding may be avoided passively by female‐biased natal dispersal rather than by breeding dispersal or active relatedness‐based mate choice mechanisms. The level of inbreeding in giant pandas is greater than expected for a solitary mammal and thus warrants concern for potential inbreeding depression, particularly in small populations isolated by continuing habitat fragmentation, which will reduce female dispersal and increase the risk of inbreeding.
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