Initial bi atrial three-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation in non-valvular atrial fibrillation according to rhythm outcome at six month follow-up

Two-dimensional left atrial (LA) size is an independent echocardiographic predictor of atrial fibrillation (AF) occurrence and recurrence. Our study aimed to evaluate LA and right atrial (RA) three-dimensional (3D) volumes at admission (M0) in patients with AF to define atrial remodeling according to rhythm outcome at 6 month follow-up (M6). 3D RA and LA parameters were assessed at M0 in patients admitted for AF: body surface area-indexed maximum 3D volume (Max 3D RA Voli, Max 3D LA Voli) and indexed minimum volume (Min 3D RA Voli, Min 3D LA Voli); atrial emptying fraction (3D RAEF, 3D LAEF) and atrial expansion index (3D RAEI, 3D LAEI). Forty-eight consecutive patients hospitalized for AF were prospectively included. Two groups were individualized according to rhythm outcome: successful cardio version (SuccCV) in 35(72.9%) patients including either spontaneous (n = 10) or electrical cardioversion (n = 25) (AF at M0 and sinus rhythm (SR) at M6); failure or contra indication to cardioversion (FailCV) in 13(27.1%) patients (AF at M0 and AF at M6). 3D echocardiographic evaluation from 41 patients at M0 found: – significantly upper Min 3D RA Voli, Min 3D LA Voli in group FailCV in comparison with SuccCV; – significantly lower 3D RAEF, 3D RAEI, 3D LAEF, 3D LAEI in group FailCV in comparison with SuccCV; – no significant differences regarding Max 3D RA Voli, Max 3D LA Voli between groups FailCV and SuccCV (Table 1). 3D atrial echocardiographic parameters could be useful to predict initial atrial remodelling in patients admitted for AF.