Prognostic Value of Venous Outflow Profiles on Multiphase CT Angiography for the Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke After Endovascular Thrombectomy

To evaluate the prognostic value of venous outflow (VO) profiles evaluated on multiphase CTA (mCTA) for the patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). We retrospectively collected 150 patients with AIS who underwent pre-treatment CT perfusion (CTP) evaluation and subsequent EVT from April 2018 to April 2022. Three-phases (peak arterial phase, peak venous phase, late venous phase) CTA was reconstructed from CTP raw data, and VO was evaluated on three-phases CTA, respectively. Favorable VO was regarded as a cortical vein opacification score of 3–6, and unfavorable VO as a score of 0–2. Good outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2 at 90 days after EVT. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the predictors of good outcome. Prognostic value was assessed and compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Delong test. We found that good outcome was achieved in 85 (56.7%) patients. Among the mCTA-derived VO profiles, only favorable peak venous phase VO was found to be independently associated with good outcome (P < 0.001). After integrating favorable peak venous phase VO with lower post-treatment National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score at 24 hours, successful recanalization and favorable hypoperfusion intensity ratio, the predictive ability for a good outcome was significantly improved than before (area under the ROC curve; 0.947 vs 0.881; P = 0.002). This study supports that favorable peak venous VO profiles on mCTA might be a promising biomarker in predicting the good outcome in patients with AIS after EVT.