Bicuspid aortic valve and its ascending aortopathy

Purpose of review To synthesize and critically assess recent clinical and research advancements in pediatric bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and its associated aortopathy. Recent findings In pediatric patients with BAV, progressive aortic dilation (i.e. bicuspid aortopathy) is commonly present and associated with increased risk for aortic aneurysm, dissection, and surgery in adulthood. Ongoing research explores the cause, incidence, and progression of bicuspid aortopathy to promote earlier diagnosis and improve preventive management. Recent findings include: high familial incidence and need for improved familial screening; safety of recreational physical activity in most affected children; potential for medical management to slow aortic growth; feasibility of pediatric registries to evaluate longitudinal outcomes; and potential genetic and hemodynamic biomarkers for disease risk stratification. Summary Pediatric bicuspid aortopathy is an important area for investigation and preventive management to improve long-term cardiovascular outcomes. Recent literature promotes familial screening, recreational exercise, medical prophylaxis, registry-based longitudinal evaluation, and continued scientific inquiry.