Efficacy of porous foam on discharging of phase change material with inclusion of hybrid nanomaterial

Influence of utilizing porous media on solidification of water in appearance of hybrid nanoparticles has been simulated in this article. To expedite the process, fin with tree shape has been utilized and impact of radiation has been involved. The hybrid nanomaterial consists of mixture of Al2O3 and CuO and their volume fraction of each type of powder is 0.01, so, homogeneous mixture approximation is logical. Wiremesh packed approach for modeling of porous foam has been utilized and impact of porosity (γ) has been scrutinized on freezing process. Temperature equation with two source terms of radiation and phase changing has been considered and for solving equations, Galerkin method has been implemented. The absence of momentum equations in mathematical model is because of low magnitude of liquid NEPCM during freezing. The configuration of grid in each time stage is variable and finer mesh has been employed close to the solid front. Verification test shows the good agreement of present modeling and proves the accuracy of utilized approximations. The quickest process happens when γ = 0.9, ϕhnf = 0.02, Rd = 1 in existence of fin and 1660.21 s needs to reach full freezing. Mounting fins can reduce the period of process about 4.32 %. Dispersing hybrid nano-powders can decrease the time of phenomena around 4.07 %. Solidification time declines about 56.28 % and 91.21 % with involving effects of radiation and porous media, respectively.