顺磁性
催化作用
化学
氨生产
铁磁性
过渡金属
氨
化学物理
纳米技术
计算化学
凝聚态物理
有机化学
材料科学
物理
作者
Gaomou Xu,Cai Cheng,Tao Wang
摘要
The Sabatier principle defines the essential criteria for being an ideal catalyst in heterogeneous catalysis, while approaching the Sabatier optimal is a major pursuit in catalyst design. The Haber–Bosch (H-B) process, converting nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) to ammonia (NH3), is a holy grail reaction for humans and also a great model reaction for fundamental research, where the established volcano plot between ammonia synthesis activity and nitrogen binding energy among metals has successfully guided new catalyst design. However, reaching the top of the activity volcano is still very challenging. Herein, we identify an elegant strategy to promote the ferromagnetic (FM) catalysts to be the Sabatier optimal of ammonia synthesis via a second-order ferromagnetic–paramagnetic phase transition, which represents an ideal and novel interdisciplinary of the aforementioned century-old classic principle, reaction, and theory in chemistry, physics, and material science. The paramagnetic (PM) Co and Ni metals could have 2–4 orders of magnitude higher ammonia synthesis activity than their ferromagnetic counterparts, holding the potential to achieve a near-ambient H-B process. We believe that our discovery will open a novel avenue for revisiting the catalytic performances of paramagnetic phases of ferromagnetic materials in heterogeneous catalysis.
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