Tanshinone IIA alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by modulating glutamine metabolic reprogramming based on [U-13C5]-glutamine metabolic flux analysis

Glutamine metabolic reprogramming, mediated by glutaminase (GLS), is an important signal during pulmonary fibrosis (PF) progression. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a naturally lipophilic diterpene with antioxidant and antifibrotic properties. However, the potential mechanisms of Tan IIA for regulating glutamine metabolic reprogramming are not yet clear.